Kungani kufanele abasebenzi basebenzisana nezinkampani zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo (EPC) bahlalele indawo yokwenza izithuthi zezinto ezincane phambi kokubhala inkampani?

Ukuchaza phakathi kwebasebenzi bokwenza izithuthi nebathengi bakhona emsithweni wokusebenza

Indawo yokwenza izithuthi zezinto ezincane eyayibonakala enkulu kusuka ngaphandle kungenza isebenza esingavumelekile uma izisifundo zangaphakathi azikhululeki. Abasebenzi basebenzisana nezinkampani zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo (EPC) bazizwa izinkinga zokudonsa ngokushesha ekupheleni kwezibhola, kodwa ukuzihlanganisa ukuhlalela kwe-indawo phambi kokubhala inkampani kungenza isibizo esingavumelekile sokubili ngeminyaka emibili lapho izithuthi azikwazi ukufitlana noma izirhelo zokubhala zazilingana.

Ukuchaza kwezinkampani zokufaka izinto ngokwempilo nezinkampani zokuthengisa izinto ezibalulekile kubonakala ngokuphelele uma kubonwa indawo yokusebenza umthengisi uyathenga nokuthengisa iziprofayili ezingenabizo. Umfaka izinto ngokwempilo uyathatha iziphelo zesikali esingasemthwakweni esihlukene futhi uyazifaka ngokwempilo emizini yezindawo ezihambisana ngezindawo zokulwa, izilayini zokulwa okuzenzakalelayo, izikhumba zokugqaza, nokufunda amaphoyinti okuhlonipha ubukhulu ukuhamba ngendawo yokusebenza kuyabona umqondo wokwesibonelo—uma izinkampani ziyasebenza, uma ziyagcinwa, futhi uma abantu abasebenzisa kuzo bazi ukuthi bakhuluma ngani.

Lo Mqondo Wokuhlola Indawo Yokusebenza Ngokwempilo

Ukubhala isibonelo akuyi indlela ejabulisayo yokuphazamisa ngezilungiselelo. Kuyi indlela eyodwa yokubheka okuyiqiniso lokubheka izincwadi, izindlela, kanye nezinto zokusebenza. I-Program ye-AISC Quality Certification yase-Amerika yekhwalithi yebhizinisi yezinkulungwane zokufaka kusiza kuleli xesha—izindawo eziqinile kufanele zibone ukuthi zinezindlu, izigaba, izempilo, izindlela ezibhalwe, ubukhulu, izinkampani, kanye nokuvikela ukuthi ziyisikhundla sokufaka. .

Ukubhala isibonelo esihle kufanele sibhekisele lezi zindawo ngokunjalo:

1. Ukubheka ukuthi amasayizi abhalwe — amasayizi aphatha ngokulingana nezilungiselelo zokuthenga, izinhlobo zokubhalwa zibhekwe, kanye nokubheka ukuthi kunezinkinga zokuhamba kwamasayizi

2. Ukuzilungiselela ngaphakathi kwesikhundla — ukufaka kwezinkulungwane, ukubhakisha kwezinkulungwane, nokubhakisha kokugcina kwezinkulungwane kubhekwa kabusha ngaphambi kokuthatha isikhathi sokusebenza

3. Ukukhombisa Okokugcina — izinkulungwane zokufaka zibhekwa kabusha ngaphambi kokuthumwa, kanye nokubhalwa kwezincwadi

4. Ukubhakisha kwezinkampani — izinkampani zokubheka kanye nokuzimela zibhakiswe ngokungenabudlela ngeminyaka emi-12

5. Ukuthi izinhlangano ziyafana — izincwadi zokuzimela kwezinkulungwane zifanana nezinombolo zokuzimela ngokujulile kwezinhlobo zokusebenza

Kunye kweminye imithombo emhlabeni emzantsi emaswini—umsebenzisi we-EPC wokuthumela amandla wabhalisana ne-mfabrikathi yokuqala ngokwezinkampani zokuthenga kuphela. Akukho ukuzilungisa. Lapho izikrabi zokugcina zazofika kusuka kumthombo wokuqala, izihlangothi zokubhukha azizalungisekile kubhukha bokufaka emhlabeni. Umfabrikathi wabhekisela ukubhukha kumntu wesibili ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwesayensi. Ukusebenzisa kabusha kuzoba ngeminyaka eyishumi nesibhozi. Ukuphindaphinda kuyakubiza umthombo wokulungisa ngemiphumela engu-15%. Lokhu ke ububi obukhona ekuzilungiseni.

Ukulahleka kokuzilungisa kubonakala kusuka kumthombo wokusebenza

Izidata ze-OSHA yeyishumi nesibhozi yezinkampani zokuthenga yombuso yase-2025 ibonisa ukuthi izivumelwano zokubeka izikhumba zazoba ngeminyaka eyishumi nesibhozi nesibhozi, futhi lokhu ke yindlela yokuqala kuphela . Kodwa ububi obukhulu bokufinyelela kumsebenzisi we-EPC akubukho okuvumelwa ngokwemfundo—kubukho ukusebenzisa kabusha, ukuphindaphinda kwezintempo, nokuhlukunyezwa kwesibonelo.

I-International Building Code (IBC) lichitha ngokuphazimula izinkinga zokuzilonda okusobala uma ukufakwa kwenziwa ngu-fabricator otholakalayo . Lokhu kuyisaving esikhulu—kepha kuphi uma fabricator ayihlalela ngokuphelele indlela yokusebenza. Umhlangozeli uyavumela uma le vuthi yisivumelwano esihlukile noma yiziphepha kuphela.

Izicertifikethi ziyakhuluma—kodwa azikho isivumelwano sokubona

Izicertifikethi ziyathembisa, kepha azikho isivumelwano sokubona. ISO 9001 yokuqondisa umsebenzi wokuhlela ubunzima, CE marking yokuqondisa ukuthi isithuthi sase-Europe (EN 1090), nokuthi i-CWB certification yokuqondisa isithuthi sase-Canada zonke ziyamagugu amakhulu . I-AISC certification, ngokugcwele, ichaza ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe amahlangozeli amakhulu okuhlela ubunzima wokusebenza nokuzilonda kweminyaka yonke ngokuphathelene nendlela yokusebenza. . Kunezinkambo eziningi kune-1,200 ezifundiswa ngu-AISC ezifakwa emasithuthini e-steel e-United States. .

Kodwa lapho kukhona indlela yokubhekana—ukuthi isitayela sikhuthazwa akusiza ukuthi isebenza kusenzo esithile. Isitayela singasiza ukuthi sikhuthazwe kodwa asisiza ukuthi sibe nempilo yezinkulungwane zokusebenza nezinkulungwane zokusebenza ngokupheleleyo, isibonelo, isigaba sezinkulungwane zokusebenza, isimo sokugxilwa, noma isifundo sokufaka amakhemikhali. Ngakho ke ukubhekana kufanele kube phambili kwezincwadi futhi kubhekane ngokuthi:

• Ukubhekana kusenzo esithile — izinkulungwane ezifanayo, ubuningi bezinkulungwane ezifanayo, isikhathi esifanayo

• Ukusebenza kwamanje — izitayela ezingaqondi kakhulu zizama ukwenza izinto ngendlela engeyona okuhle

• Ukuphatha kwezisombululo zokusebenza — abani abasebenza abangasebenzi ngaphandle kokuthi isitayela sisebenza ngaphandle

• Amazwi okungafanele — kuzoba kanjani kusenzo samabili futhi kuzoba kanjani ukuthi kubhekwe ngokuthi kuzoba kanjani

Izinyathelo ezibonakalayo kuphela ngokubhekana kusenzo

Amazwi amaningi okuhlonipha ayizange aqondakali kusuka emhlabathini wokusebenza. Ukuphuma kumhlabathi wokusebenza kubonisa izinto ezingaqondakali kusuka emaphulamiseni nezicelo zokuthenga.

Indawo yokwenza izinto ephakeme kodwa inazo izihlangu zokufaka umsindo zihlala kumhlabathi kungafika kumakhumbi okufaka umsindo—lokho kukhothana. Ukuthatha umsindo kwezihlangu kuyabeka isikhundla sokufaka umsindo esingavumelekile. Indawo yokusebenza engakwazi ukuthola izirhwebhu zokulinganisa izitshixo zakhe—lokho kuthabatha ukuthi izihlangu zokugcina zingalikho ngokuphelele kwezinhlobo zokugcina. Indawo yokwenza izinto ephakeme kodwa inazo izinto ezibomvu zihlala kumhlabathi kungafika kwezindlu zokuhlala—lokho kukhothana kwezinye izinyathelo ezidingekayo kuzokwenza ukuthi kubhalwe futhi kubhalwe ngokuphelele.

Izimiso zokuvumela abasebenzi bokwenza izinto ziyasiza ukubheka izindlela nezithombe zokusebenza, izilimi zokuhlinzekile, izisiko zokufunda izinto, izindlela zokugcina izinto ngokujwayelekile, izindlela zokugcina ngokusebenzisa izihlangu, nokubhalwa kwezinye izinto nokuvikela kwezinye izinto okukhona kwezinye izinto. Lokho akukho kuchaza kahle—kuyizindlela zokusebenza ezithile okunazo kumhlabathi wokusebenza noma akunazo.

Ukwenza ukubheka kusebenze kubabili

Ukubhalisa akukho kufanele kube nokuziphatha ngokungafani. Okubhekhwe kakhulu kuyizindaba zokuhlanganisa—zibonisa izinkinga ngaphambi kokuthi ukuphatha kwanqoba, futhi zinika umsebenzisi umbono wokuzihlanganisa phambi kokuthi ukuphatha kwanqoba. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ubuhlobo bokubaluleka kanye nokuvumela ukuthi kubhekwe izinkinga ngokucacile.

Abasebenzi be-EPC kufanele banike umsebenzisi isikhombiso sokubhalisa ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe. Qondisa lokho okuzobhaliswa: amadrawing asekhaya, amasipilishini we-welding, izinkampani zokuhlola ngaphandle kwesifunda, amasipilishini we-coating, kanye nezintempo zokuthunywa. Nika umsebenzisi isikhathi sokugcina izicabhi kanye nokuzimisele. Ukubhalisa okungakwaziwa kungabona izinkinga eziningi, kodwa kungakwazi ukuthi kwenzeke ukuziphatha okungafani okungasebenzi kusenzo.

Kulokusho kwe-plant, thwala itimu eliyincwadi yezinsiza zokuhlela kanye nezinsiza zokubaluleka. Umuntu omunye uyabona izindlela zokusebenza; owabili uyabona indlela yokuxhumana—indlela yokuxhumana kwezisipho, ukuthi abasupervisors bayathandaza kahle, kanye nokuthi izinhlelo zokuphepha ziyathandazwa kahle.

Lapho Ukubhalisa Kuthi Cha

Ngamanye amaxesha umbiko uvumela izinto ezingavumelekanga. Akukho mfanelo—lo mbiko uyasebenza ngendlela yakhe. Kuhle ukuphuma phambi kokugcina inkambo kunokuphatha isibopho ekuseni.

Ukuphakama kufanele kubasekelwe emithambo yezinto ezingafanelekanga, akubasekelwe kwenqanawa yokuthi kufuneka kubuyiselwe isikhathi. Uma umsebenzisi awaneki imithombo, ubunzulu bokusebenza, noma imithambo yokuhlela ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezifanele kule ndawo, ukuthinteka kwakho akukho mthwalo ongahleli ngokuvula isikhathi. Umsebenzisi wokusebenza ngokuphelele wabhalisa iziphumo, wabonisa ukuphakama ngokucacileyo, futhi waphinda waphakama kumsebenzisi wesibili.

Kubantu abasebenza ngemithambo yezinkambo zasezizwe ezinye, lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu. Indawo eyisikhalfu yesikhathi esingaphakathi kungabona ukuthi kunezindlela zokuthengisa, kodwa ukuthinteka kwakho okukhuluma ngokuthi kufuneka kuthunyelwe indlu yokumbiko kungaphezu kwezindlela zokuthunyelwa kwezincwadi zokuthenga noma ukuthatha izincwadi zokuthenga ngokushesha.

STEEL Shanghai Import & Export Co., Ltd. iyasebenza ngokuhlanganisa izimpahla zokufaka isikhombisa ezisemthethweni, eziyavukwa ngokuphakanyiswa kwezifundo zezinto zokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokulungisa ubukhulu ezihlukaniswe ngamathuluzi emkhakha yasezulwini, futhi zibhalwe ngokuthi ziyaphinda ziyaphinda kusukela kwezinto zokwakha kuze kube yizinto ezisemthethweni.